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Zeamă bordeleză Cuprins Etimologie | Folosire | Referințe și note | Bibliografie | Meniu de navigarePartea de masă a cuprului metalic în cristalohidratul CuSO4 * 5H2OLa réduction des doses de cuivre: une nécessité pour l’oléiculture de demain

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pesticidalgicidfungicidsulfat de cupruvar stinscuprusurfactantfrancezăfrancezeBordeauxadjectivulAlexis MillardetUlysse Gayonviță de viepiersicicaișiprunimeriviței de vieoleiculturămăslinilorbacteriozeifumagineicartofilortomatelorcăpșunilor










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Zeamă bordeleză




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Zeama bordeleză este un pesticid (algicid și fungicid) fabricat prin neutralizarea unei soluții de sulfat de cupru cu var stins, în proporție 1:1:100 (ex. 1kg de sulfat de cupru cristalin, 1kg de var stins și 100kg de apă).


Conține 13% cupru (exprimat în cupru metalic).[1] Pentru garantarea unui mai bun efect, se adaugă un surfactant natural.


Produsul este vândut de obicei sub formă de pudră micronizată (de culoare albastră), care trebuie amestecată cu apă; masa volumică a produsului este de circa 0,45 g/ml (± 0,1g/ml).


În Europa, reglementarea folosirii acestui produs a evoluat impunându-se diminuarea dozelor.





Sulfat de cupru utilizat pentru pregătirea zemii bordeleze.





Cuprins





  • 1 Etimologie


  • 2 Folosire


  • 3 Referințe și note


  • 4 Bibliografie




Etimologie |


Denumirea produsului, în franceză bouillie bordelaise, provine de la numele localității franceze Bordeaux. De la denumirea orașului Bordeaux s-a obținut, prin derivare, adjectivul bordelais (masculin singular), respectiv bordelaise (feminin singular). În franceză, adjectivul bordelais / bordelaise semnifică: „din Bordeaux”, „de Bordeaux”, „bordelez” / „bordeleză”.
În limba română, adjectivul bordelaise a fost împrumutat și adaptat fonetic sub forma „bordeleză”.

La Bordeaux se află facultatea de științe la care lucrau profesorii Alexis Millardet (1838-1902), botanist, și prietenul său Ulysse Gayon (1845-1929), chimist, care au experimentat folosirea zemii bordeleze pe culturi de viță de vie.



Folosire |





Zeamă bordeleză aplicată pe frunze de viţă de vie, în apropiere de Monte Vibiano (Italia).



Zeama bordeleză este folosită pentru protejarea pomilor fructiferi (piersici, caiși, pruni, meri) și viței de vie, înainte de înflorire și după recoltare. În oleicultură (cultura măslinilor), cuprul este utilizat contra ochiului de păun și uneori contra bacteriozei și fumaginei.[2]

Zeama bordeleză se utilizează și pentru protejarea cartofilor, tomatelor, căpșunilor.



Referințe și note |



  1. ^ Partea de masă a cuprului metalic în cristalohidratul CuSO4 * 5H2O - WolframAlpha


  2. ^ La réduction des doses de cuivre: une nécessité pour l’oléiculture de demain, Infolea 2020, n°6 - novembre 2008, AFIDOL



Bibliografie |



  • Bernard Ginestet, La bouillie bordelaise, ou Petite anthologie anecdotique et chronologique du vignoble, des gens et du vin de Bordeaux, Flammarion, Paris, 1975, 241 p. ISBN 9782080608116;


  • Pierre Viala et Paul Ferrouillat, Manuel pratique pour le traitement des maladies de la vigne, C. Coulet, Montpellier, 1888, 183 p. (lucrare veche, numeroase referințe)




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