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How to include all files from a directory in shell script (/etc/init.d/iptables in this case)



Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
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6















I have an /etc/init.d/iptables start|stop|restart script on different ubuntu servers (which is a normal shell script)



For each new service I have to edit and insert a line to open a port. This leads to many different versions of the init.d script on different machines.



Is it possible to automatically include let's say all files in /etc/iptables/include.d/ ?



The target is that there should only a line in the start function of /etc/init.d/iptables like



include /etc/iptables/include.d/*


And after an additional file in /etc/iptables/include.d/ I'd simply say



/etc/init.d/iptables restart


Edit: As Saurabh pointed out this can lead to problems when commands need a certain order. An advanced setup could have different directories like:



/etc/iptables/include01.d/
/etc/iptables/include02.d/
/etc/iptables/include03.d/


and including them like this:




include /etc/iptables/include01.d/*
... maybe some code goes here in the main file...
include /etc/iptables/include02.d/*
include /etc/iptables/include03.d/*









share|improve this question






























    6















    I have an /etc/init.d/iptables start|stop|restart script on different ubuntu servers (which is a normal shell script)



    For each new service I have to edit and insert a line to open a port. This leads to many different versions of the init.d script on different machines.



    Is it possible to automatically include let's say all files in /etc/iptables/include.d/ ?



    The target is that there should only a line in the start function of /etc/init.d/iptables like



    include /etc/iptables/include.d/*


    And after an additional file in /etc/iptables/include.d/ I'd simply say



    /etc/init.d/iptables restart


    Edit: As Saurabh pointed out this can lead to problems when commands need a certain order. An advanced setup could have different directories like:



    /etc/iptables/include01.d/
    /etc/iptables/include02.d/
    /etc/iptables/include03.d/


    and including them like this:




    include /etc/iptables/include01.d/*
    ... maybe some code goes here in the main file...
    include /etc/iptables/include02.d/*
    include /etc/iptables/include03.d/*









    share|improve this question


























      6












      6








      6


      4






      I have an /etc/init.d/iptables start|stop|restart script on different ubuntu servers (which is a normal shell script)



      For each new service I have to edit and insert a line to open a port. This leads to many different versions of the init.d script on different machines.



      Is it possible to automatically include let's say all files in /etc/iptables/include.d/ ?



      The target is that there should only a line in the start function of /etc/init.d/iptables like



      include /etc/iptables/include.d/*


      And after an additional file in /etc/iptables/include.d/ I'd simply say



      /etc/init.d/iptables restart


      Edit: As Saurabh pointed out this can lead to problems when commands need a certain order. An advanced setup could have different directories like:



      /etc/iptables/include01.d/
      /etc/iptables/include02.d/
      /etc/iptables/include03.d/


      and including them like this:




      include /etc/iptables/include01.d/*
      ... maybe some code goes here in the main file...
      include /etc/iptables/include02.d/*
      include /etc/iptables/include03.d/*









      share|improve this question
















      I have an /etc/init.d/iptables start|stop|restart script on different ubuntu servers (which is a normal shell script)



      For each new service I have to edit and insert a line to open a port. This leads to many different versions of the init.d script on different machines.



      Is it possible to automatically include let's say all files in /etc/iptables/include.d/ ?



      The target is that there should only a line in the start function of /etc/init.d/iptables like



      include /etc/iptables/include.d/*


      And after an additional file in /etc/iptables/include.d/ I'd simply say



      /etc/init.d/iptables restart


      Edit: As Saurabh pointed out this can lead to problems when commands need a certain order. An advanced setup could have different directories like:



      /etc/iptables/include01.d/
      /etc/iptables/include02.d/
      /etc/iptables/include03.d/


      and including them like this:




      include /etc/iptables/include01.d/*
      ... maybe some code goes here in the main file...
      include /etc/iptables/include02.d/*
      include /etc/iptables/include03.d/*






      linux unix bash iptables shell






      share|improve this question















      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question








      edited Jul 16 '09 at 10:26







      user12096

















      asked Jul 16 '09 at 9:54









      user12096user12096

      44741838




      44741838




















          6 Answers
          6






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          11














          Add the following line to your init.d script.



          run-parts --report /etc/iptables/include.d


          It will run everything in the directory as a shell script (need to be executable).



          If you you only want to execute files that ends with .port you could use something
          like:



          run-parts --regex '.port$' /etc/iptables/include.d/


          If you want to make sure the order is correct you can name the files:



          10_web.port
          20_ssh.port
          etc..





          share|improve this answer






























            3














            for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*
            . $f
            done


            note space between dot and %f



            Saurabh is right - this will not necessary work as you intend, but use some naming convention eg 10-xxx, 20-yyy and so on and it might be manageable.






            share|improve this answer























            • i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

              – user12096
              Jul 16 '09 at 20:39











            • will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

              – user12096
              Jul 18 '09 at 10:49











            • @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

              – pQd
              Jul 18 '09 at 11:48


















            2














            You can define simple function in bash:



            function include() 
            for FILE in $( find "$1" -type f -print


            and then:



            include some_dir/*


            or even:



            include some_dir/*.conf





            share|improve this answer























            • this is even better than pQd's solution.

              – user12096
              Jul 16 '09 at 20:40


















            2














            You may also consider building the iptables script from template files, one of which would be the original iptables script. create a script which will read your template files in the relevant directories and create a new iptables script from them. That way when you need to make changes you do so in the templates and just rerun your script generator.



            Using this method you could even get fancy and place markers in the base template which can be used to signal when to include files from specific directories in your template tree.






            share|improve this answer






























              0














              I do not think you can include files in iptables configuration. The choice makes sense as firewall rules depend a lot on order in which they are written. If we just include files in folder, iptables wont know which rules to put first and which later.






              share|improve this answer























              • this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                – user12096
                Jul 16 '09 at 10:21


















              0














              To well behave with empty dir include.d/ you can do:



              for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*; do
              [[ -e "$f" ]] && . "$f"
              done





              share|improve this answer























                Your Answer








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                6 Answers
                6






                active

                oldest

                votes








                6 Answers
                6






                active

                oldest

                votes









                active

                oldest

                votes






                active

                oldest

                votes









                11














                Add the following line to your init.d script.



                run-parts --report /etc/iptables/include.d


                It will run everything in the directory as a shell script (need to be executable).



                If you you only want to execute files that ends with .port you could use something
                like:



                run-parts --regex '.port$' /etc/iptables/include.d/


                If you want to make sure the order is correct you can name the files:



                10_web.port
                20_ssh.port
                etc..





                share|improve this answer



























                  11














                  Add the following line to your init.d script.



                  run-parts --report /etc/iptables/include.d


                  It will run everything in the directory as a shell script (need to be executable).



                  If you you only want to execute files that ends with .port you could use something
                  like:



                  run-parts --regex '.port$' /etc/iptables/include.d/


                  If you want to make sure the order is correct you can name the files:



                  10_web.port
                  20_ssh.port
                  etc..





                  share|improve this answer

























                    11












                    11








                    11







                    Add the following line to your init.d script.



                    run-parts --report /etc/iptables/include.d


                    It will run everything in the directory as a shell script (need to be executable).



                    If you you only want to execute files that ends with .port you could use something
                    like:



                    run-parts --regex '.port$' /etc/iptables/include.d/


                    If you want to make sure the order is correct you can name the files:



                    10_web.port
                    20_ssh.port
                    etc..





                    share|improve this answer













                    Add the following line to your init.d script.



                    run-parts --report /etc/iptables/include.d


                    It will run everything in the directory as a shell script (need to be executable).



                    If you you only want to execute files that ends with .port you could use something
                    like:



                    run-parts --regex '.port$' /etc/iptables/include.d/


                    If you want to make sure the order is correct you can name the files:



                    10_web.port
                    20_ssh.port
                    etc..






                    share|improve this answer












                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer










                    answered Jul 16 '09 at 10:25









                    rkthkrrkthkr

                    7,7132136




                    7,7132136























                        3














                        for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*
                        . $f
                        done


                        note space between dot and %f



                        Saurabh is right - this will not necessary work as you intend, but use some naming convention eg 10-xxx, 20-yyy and so on and it might be manageable.






                        share|improve this answer























                        • i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:39











                        • will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                          – user12096
                          Jul 18 '09 at 10:49











                        • @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                          – pQd
                          Jul 18 '09 at 11:48















                        3














                        for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*
                        . $f
                        done


                        note space between dot and %f



                        Saurabh is right - this will not necessary work as you intend, but use some naming convention eg 10-xxx, 20-yyy and so on and it might be manageable.






                        share|improve this answer























                        • i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:39











                        • will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                          – user12096
                          Jul 18 '09 at 10:49











                        • @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                          – pQd
                          Jul 18 '09 at 11:48













                        3












                        3








                        3







                        for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*
                        . $f
                        done


                        note space between dot and %f



                        Saurabh is right - this will not necessary work as you intend, but use some naming convention eg 10-xxx, 20-yyy and so on and it might be manageable.






                        share|improve this answer













                        for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*
                        . $f
                        done


                        note space between dot and %f



                        Saurabh is right - this will not necessary work as you intend, but use some naming convention eg 10-xxx, 20-yyy and so on and it might be manageable.







                        share|improve this answer












                        share|improve this answer



                        share|improve this answer










                        answered Jul 16 '09 at 10:18









                        pQdpQd

                        25.6k35494




                        25.6k35494












                        • i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:39











                        • will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                          – user12096
                          Jul 18 '09 at 10:49











                        • @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                          – pQd
                          Jul 18 '09 at 11:48

















                        • i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:39











                        • will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                          – user12096
                          Jul 18 '09 at 10:49











                        • @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                          – pQd
                          Jul 18 '09 at 11:48
















                        i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                        – user12096
                        Jul 16 '09 at 20:39





                        i think this is great, because i do not rely on an external command (run-parts)

                        – user12096
                        Jul 16 '09 at 20:39













                        will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                        – user12096
                        Jul 18 '09 at 10:49





                        will the order of the files when numbered 10-xxx, 20-yyy be respected automatically by the for f in ?

                        – user12096
                        Jul 18 '09 at 10:49













                        @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                        – pQd
                        Jul 18 '09 at 11:48





                        @matnagel - should be. if you have any doubts, replace /etc/iptables/include.d/* with ls -1 /etc/iptables/include.d/*.extension - with ls you can control sorting criteria, default one is by name. notice special quote symbol.

                        – pQd
                        Jul 18 '09 at 11:48











                        2














                        You can define simple function in bash:



                        function include() 
                        for FILE in $( find "$1" -type f -print


                        and then:



                        include some_dir/*


                        or even:



                        include some_dir/*.conf





                        share|improve this answer























                        • this is even better than pQd's solution.

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:40















                        2














                        You can define simple function in bash:



                        function include() 
                        for FILE in $( find "$1" -type f -print


                        and then:



                        include some_dir/*


                        or even:



                        include some_dir/*.conf





                        share|improve this answer























                        • this is even better than pQd's solution.

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:40













                        2












                        2








                        2







                        You can define simple function in bash:



                        function include() 
                        for FILE in $( find "$1" -type f -print


                        and then:



                        include some_dir/*


                        or even:



                        include some_dir/*.conf





                        share|improve this answer













                        You can define simple function in bash:



                        function include() 
                        for FILE in $( find "$1" -type f -print


                        and then:



                        include some_dir/*


                        or even:



                        include some_dir/*.conf






                        share|improve this answer












                        share|improve this answer



                        share|improve this answer










                        answered Jul 16 '09 at 11:40







                        user13185



















                        • this is even better than pQd's solution.

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:40

















                        • this is even better than pQd's solution.

                          – user12096
                          Jul 16 '09 at 20:40
















                        this is even better than pQd's solution.

                        – user12096
                        Jul 16 '09 at 20:40





                        this is even better than pQd's solution.

                        – user12096
                        Jul 16 '09 at 20:40











                        2














                        You may also consider building the iptables script from template files, one of which would be the original iptables script. create a script which will read your template files in the relevant directories and create a new iptables script from them. That way when you need to make changes you do so in the templates and just rerun your script generator.



                        Using this method you could even get fancy and place markers in the base template which can be used to signal when to include files from specific directories in your template tree.






                        share|improve this answer



























                          2














                          You may also consider building the iptables script from template files, one of which would be the original iptables script. create a script which will read your template files in the relevant directories and create a new iptables script from them. That way when you need to make changes you do so in the templates and just rerun your script generator.



                          Using this method you could even get fancy and place markers in the base template which can be used to signal when to include files from specific directories in your template tree.






                          share|improve this answer

























                            2












                            2








                            2







                            You may also consider building the iptables script from template files, one of which would be the original iptables script. create a script which will read your template files in the relevant directories and create a new iptables script from them. That way when you need to make changes you do so in the templates and just rerun your script generator.



                            Using this method you could even get fancy and place markers in the base template which can be used to signal when to include files from specific directories in your template tree.






                            share|improve this answer













                            You may also consider building the iptables script from template files, one of which would be the original iptables script. create a script which will read your template files in the relevant directories and create a new iptables script from them. That way when you need to make changes you do so in the templates and just rerun your script generator.



                            Using this method you could even get fancy and place markers in the base template which can be used to signal when to include files from specific directories in your template tree.







                            share|improve this answer












                            share|improve this answer



                            share|improve this answer










                            answered Jul 16 '09 at 12:44









                            John GardeniersJohn Gardeniers

                            25k847105




                            25k847105





















                                0














                                I do not think you can include files in iptables configuration. The choice makes sense as firewall rules depend a lot on order in which they are written. If we just include files in folder, iptables wont know which rules to put first and which later.






                                share|improve this answer























                                • this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                  – user12096
                                  Jul 16 '09 at 10:21















                                0














                                I do not think you can include files in iptables configuration. The choice makes sense as firewall rules depend a lot on order in which they are written. If we just include files in folder, iptables wont know which rules to put first and which later.






                                share|improve this answer























                                • this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                  – user12096
                                  Jul 16 '09 at 10:21













                                0












                                0








                                0







                                I do not think you can include files in iptables configuration. The choice makes sense as firewall rules depend a lot on order in which they are written. If we just include files in folder, iptables wont know which rules to put first and which later.






                                share|improve this answer













                                I do not think you can include files in iptables configuration. The choice makes sense as firewall rules depend a lot on order in which they are written. If we just include files in folder, iptables wont know which rules to put first and which later.







                                share|improve this answer












                                share|improve this answer



                                share|improve this answer










                                answered Jul 16 '09 at 10:17









                                Saurabh BarjatiyaSaurabh Barjatiya

                                4,05712331




                                4,05712331












                                • this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                  – user12096
                                  Jul 16 '09 at 10:21

















                                • this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                  – user12096
                                  Jul 16 '09 at 10:21
















                                this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                – user12096
                                Jul 16 '09 at 10:21





                                this is a good point. thank you for pointing this out. i am updating the question to use several include.d directories, so I can give them an order. I have many services that do not depend on each other and the setup would still make sense in these cases.

                                – user12096
                                Jul 16 '09 at 10:21











                                0














                                To well behave with empty dir include.d/ you can do:



                                for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*; do
                                [[ -e "$f" ]] && . "$f"
                                done





                                share|improve this answer



























                                  0














                                  To well behave with empty dir include.d/ you can do:



                                  for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*; do
                                  [[ -e "$f" ]] && . "$f"
                                  done





                                  share|improve this answer

























                                    0












                                    0








                                    0







                                    To well behave with empty dir include.d/ you can do:



                                    for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*; do
                                    [[ -e "$f" ]] && . "$f"
                                    done





                                    share|improve this answer













                                    To well behave with empty dir include.d/ you can do:



                                    for f in /etc/iptables/include.d/*; do
                                    [[ -e "$f" ]] && . "$f"
                                    done






                                    share|improve this answer












                                    share|improve this answer



                                    share|improve this answer










                                    answered Apr 16 at 14:30









                                    keypresskeypress

                                    1666




                                    1666



























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