If I score a critical hit on an 18 or higher, what are my chances of getting a critical hit if I roll 3d20? Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern) Time to retire the [rules-as-written] tag?What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?What modifiers are and are not included in a DnD 3.5e critical hit?How do I roll for damage with a critical hit?Great Weapon Master Critical Hit ResolutionCan an advantage roll be a critical hit?Is there a way to make the Elven Accuracy feat work with the second benefit of Great Weapon Master?How does forgoing advantage interact with Elven Accuracy?Is this critical hit damage calculation correct?Are these two methods of handling Elven Accuracy “Double Advantage” mathematically equivalent?What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?Does the advantage reroll of Elven Accuracy only apply to the ability you increased?

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If I score a critical hit on an 18 or higher, what are my chances of getting a critical hit if I roll 3d20?



Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)
Time to retire the [rules-as-written] tag?What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?What modifiers are and are not included in a DnD 3.5e critical hit?How do I roll for damage with a critical hit?Great Weapon Master Critical Hit ResolutionCan an advantage roll be a critical hit?Is there a way to make the Elven Accuracy feat work with the second benefit of Great Weapon Master?How does forgoing advantage interact with Elven Accuracy?Is this critical hit damage calculation correct?Are these two methods of handling Elven Accuracy “Double Advantage” mathematically equivalent?What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?Does the advantage reroll of Elven Accuracy only apply to the ability you increased?



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18












$begingroup$


I have Elven Accuracy so with advantage on an attack roll using Dexterity, Intelligence, Wisdom, or Charisma, you can reroll one of the dice once.



So what are my crit chance with a crit range of 18/20 with three rolls also what would be the crit chance with a crit range of 17/20 with three rolls.










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  • 3




    $begingroup$
    The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
    $endgroup$
    – Xirema
    Apr 10 at 15:33






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    What class/sub class is your character?
    $endgroup$
    – KorvinStarmast
    Apr 10 at 15:34






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
    $endgroup$
    – Julien Lopez
    Apr 10 at 17:55










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18












$begingroup$


I have Elven Accuracy so with advantage on an attack roll using Dexterity, Intelligence, Wisdom, or Charisma, you can reroll one of the dice once.



So what are my crit chance with a crit range of 18/20 with three rolls also what would be the crit chance with a crit range of 17/20 with three rolls.










share|improve this question









New contributor




Braymal Gaming is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$







  • 3




    $begingroup$
    The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
    $endgroup$
    – Xirema
    Apr 10 at 15:33






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    What class/sub class is your character?
    $endgroup$
    – KorvinStarmast
    Apr 10 at 15:34






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
    $endgroup$
    – Julien Lopez
    Apr 10 at 17:55










  • $begingroup$
    Welcome to RPG.SE! Take the tour if you haven't already, and check out the help center for more guidance.
    $endgroup$
    – V2Blast
    Apr 11 at 3:33













18












18








18


1



$begingroup$


I have Elven Accuracy so with advantage on an attack roll using Dexterity, Intelligence, Wisdom, or Charisma, you can reroll one of the dice once.



So what are my crit chance with a crit range of 18/20 with three rolls also what would be the crit chance with a crit range of 17/20 with three rolls.










share|improve this question









New contributor




Braymal Gaming is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




I have Elven Accuracy so with advantage on an attack roll using Dexterity, Intelligence, Wisdom, or Charisma, you can reroll one of the dice once.



So what are my crit chance with a crit range of 18/20 with three rolls also what would be the crit chance with a crit range of 17/20 with three rolls.







dnd-5e statistics critical-hit






share|improve this question









New contributor




Braymal Gaming is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question









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share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Apr 10 at 16:29









divibisan

1,989620




1,989620






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asked Apr 10 at 15:28









Braymal GamingBraymal Gaming

9113




9113




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New contributor





Braymal Gaming is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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Braymal Gaming is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







  • 3




    $begingroup$
    The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
    $endgroup$
    – Xirema
    Apr 10 at 15:33






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    What class/sub class is your character?
    $endgroup$
    – KorvinStarmast
    Apr 10 at 15:34






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
    $endgroup$
    – Julien Lopez
    Apr 10 at 17:55










  • $begingroup$
    Welcome to RPG.SE! Take the tour if you haven't already, and check out the help center for more guidance.
    $endgroup$
    – V2Blast
    Apr 11 at 3:33












  • 3




    $begingroup$
    The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
    $endgroup$
    – Xirema
    Apr 10 at 15:33






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    What class/sub class is your character?
    $endgroup$
    – KorvinStarmast
    Apr 10 at 15:34






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
    $endgroup$
    – Julien Lopez
    Apr 10 at 17:55










  • $begingroup$
    Welcome to RPG.SE! Take the tour if you haven't already, and check out the help center for more guidance.
    $endgroup$
    – V2Blast
    Apr 11 at 3:33







3




3




$begingroup$
The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
$endgroup$
– Xirema
Apr 10 at 15:33




$begingroup$
The notation you're using for the crit range is unusual. Are you describing a Champion Fighter? If so, where are you getting the 17/20 range from?
$endgroup$
– Xirema
Apr 10 at 15:33




1




1




$begingroup$
What class/sub class is your character?
$endgroup$
– KorvinStarmast
Apr 10 at 15:34




$begingroup$
What class/sub class is your character?
$endgroup$
– KorvinStarmast
Apr 10 at 15:34




4




4




$begingroup$
Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
$endgroup$
– Julien Lopez
Apr 10 at 17:55




$begingroup$
Possible duplicate of What are my chances of rolling a natural 19/20 critical if I roll 3d20?
$endgroup$
– Julien Lopez
Apr 10 at 17:55












$begingroup$
Welcome to RPG.SE! Take the tour if you haven't already, and check out the help center for more guidance.
$endgroup$
– V2Blast
Apr 11 at 3:33




$begingroup$
Welcome to RPG.SE! Take the tour if you haven't already, and check out the help center for more guidance.
$endgroup$
– V2Blast
Apr 11 at 3:33










5 Answers
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active

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69












$begingroup$

For "at least one" probability problems, it's usually easier to start by calculating the chance that none of the dice crit, as that saves you the hassle of combining the probabilities of getting 1/2/3 crits.



Best of three rolls with 18-20 crit range: ~39% chance to crit



Chance that a single die will not crit: 17/20 = 0.85

Chance that all three dice will not crit: (17/20) x (17/20) x (17/20) = 0.614125

Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (17/20)3 = 0.385875



Best of three rolls with 17-20 crit range: ~49% chance to crit



Chance that a single die will not crit: 16/20 = 0.8

Chance that all three dice will not crit: (16/20) x (16/20) x (16/20) = 0.512

Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (16/20)3 = 0.488






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$








  • 9




    $begingroup$
    This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
    $endgroup$
    – Nelson
    Apr 11 at 1:52


















55












$begingroup$

The other answers do a good job of answering the question, but I'll point out how you can answer questions like this in the future:



https://anydice.com/ is a very powerful (if slightly complicated) calculator for these sorts of questions. In your case, you'd enter the query:



output [highest 1 of 3d20]


And then select "At Least" from options below to get this table, which shows the odds of getting at least each number:



enter image description here



The result, is 38.59% for a crit range of 18, and 48.8% for a crit range of 17






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$




















    6












    $begingroup$

    If p is the probability of a crit on a single roll, then 1-(1-p)^N is the probability of at least one crit on N rolls.



    so for N=3 and p=3/20, P=38.6%



    For a critical hit range of 17-20, P=48.8% (WOW!)






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      so noted. I have now edited my answer
      $endgroup$
      – Jeremy
      Apr 10 at 15:40






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
      $endgroup$
      – Monty Harder
      Apr 11 at 17:58


















    5












    $begingroup$

    A general way to solve this kind of problem is with counting polynomials.



    $$frac1720 + frac320 * x$$
    this polynomial represents rolling 1d20 and having a 3/20 chance of getting a crit. The crit chance is the coefficient to the x^1 term.



    For 3d20 it looks like:



    $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^3$$
    which is



    $$(frac1720)^3 + 3(frac1720)^2frac320 * x + 3 frac1720(frac320)^2 x^2 + (frac320)^3x^3$$
    where the $x^1$ through $x^3$ represent the 1 through 3 of the dice landing on 18 19 or 20.



    We could add up the coefficients of the $x^1$ through $x^3$ cases, but we also know that the coefficients off all 4 terms add up to 1 -- so we can just take the $x^0$ coefficient and subtract 1.



    $$1-(frac1720)^3$$
    or



    $$frac8000-49138000$$
    aka about $$38.6%$$



    Now this is a bit complicated; but we can use it to analyze more complicated cases.



    Imagine a rule that states that crits from elven accuracy deal an extra 50 damage, but only if you had already critted. We can distinguish the elven accuracy crit from the others:



    $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^2 ( frac1720 + frac320 * y
    )$$

    by using a different variable (y instead of x).



    We can then expand



    $$(frac1720)^2 + 2frac3*1720^2x + (frac320 * x)^2 (frac1720 + frac320 * y
    )$$

    or
    $$frac17^320^3 + frac3*17^220^3y + 2frac3*17^220^3x + 2frac3^2*1720^3xy + frac3^2*1720^3 x^2 + frac3^320^3 x^2y$$
    then isolate the cases that have both an x and a y, from those with only xs or only a y.



    For the most part, this technique really gets useful when you can feed the polynomials to a program that can do the number crunching for you.






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$




















      4












      $begingroup$

      It depends on how you use the Elven Accuracy Die



      There's two ways that players are legally allowed to use the Elven Accuracy Die:



      • Replace the lower of the two advantage dice (Type A)

      • Replace the higher of the two advantage dice (Type B)

      In the former case, this roll is mathematically equivalent to rolling 3 dice and taking the highest. In the latter case, it's more like rolling two dice, taking the lower, and then taking the higher of that result and a third die.



      beginarrayl
      textOutcomes & text18-20 A & text18-20 B
      \ hline
      textNon-Crit & text61.413% & text83.088% \
      textCrit & text38.588% & text16.913% \
      endarray

      beginarrayl
      & text17-20 A & text17-20 B \ hline
      textNon-Crit & text51.200% & text76.800% \
      textCrit & text48.800% & text23.200% \
      endarray



      Note: as far as I'm aware, in 5th Edition D&D, it is not possible to get a Critical hit range that includes 17. It's possible I'm unaware of a specific class feature or magic item that is expanding the range beyond what can be attained by a Champion Fighter at level 15. But as a result, the second table (the 17-20 range) does not have practical use in this game.






      share|improve this answer









      $endgroup$








      • 1




        $begingroup$
        Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
        $endgroup$
        – Ifusaso
        Apr 11 at 13:49










      • $begingroup$
        It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
        $endgroup$
        – Phlarx
        Apr 11 at 14:47










      • $begingroup$
        @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
        $endgroup$
        – Adonalsium
        Apr 11 at 16:35






      • 1




        $begingroup$
        @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
        $endgroup$
        – Peter Cordes
        Apr 12 at 7:52











      • $begingroup$
        Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
        $endgroup$
        – Braymal Gaming
        Apr 12 at 14:10











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      5 Answers
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      active

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      5 Answers
      5






      active

      oldest

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      active

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      active

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      69












      $begingroup$

      For "at least one" probability problems, it's usually easier to start by calculating the chance that none of the dice crit, as that saves you the hassle of combining the probabilities of getting 1/2/3 crits.



      Best of three rolls with 18-20 crit range: ~39% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 17/20 = 0.85

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (17/20) x (17/20) x (17/20) = 0.614125

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (17/20)3 = 0.385875



      Best of three rolls with 17-20 crit range: ~49% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 16/20 = 0.8

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (16/20) x (16/20) x (16/20) = 0.512

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (16/20)3 = 0.488






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$








      • 9




        $begingroup$
        This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
        $endgroup$
        – Nelson
        Apr 11 at 1:52















      69












      $begingroup$

      For "at least one" probability problems, it's usually easier to start by calculating the chance that none of the dice crit, as that saves you the hassle of combining the probabilities of getting 1/2/3 crits.



      Best of three rolls with 18-20 crit range: ~39% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 17/20 = 0.85

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (17/20) x (17/20) x (17/20) = 0.614125

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (17/20)3 = 0.385875



      Best of three rolls with 17-20 crit range: ~49% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 16/20 = 0.8

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (16/20) x (16/20) x (16/20) = 0.512

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (16/20)3 = 0.488






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$








      • 9




        $begingroup$
        This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
        $endgroup$
        – Nelson
        Apr 11 at 1:52













      69












      69








      69





      $begingroup$

      For "at least one" probability problems, it's usually easier to start by calculating the chance that none of the dice crit, as that saves you the hassle of combining the probabilities of getting 1/2/3 crits.



      Best of three rolls with 18-20 crit range: ~39% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 17/20 = 0.85

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (17/20) x (17/20) x (17/20) = 0.614125

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (17/20)3 = 0.385875



      Best of three rolls with 17-20 crit range: ~49% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 16/20 = 0.8

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (16/20) x (16/20) x (16/20) = 0.512

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (16/20)3 = 0.488






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$



      For "at least one" probability problems, it's usually easier to start by calculating the chance that none of the dice crit, as that saves you the hassle of combining the probabilities of getting 1/2/3 crits.



      Best of three rolls with 18-20 crit range: ~39% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 17/20 = 0.85

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (17/20) x (17/20) x (17/20) = 0.614125

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (17/20)3 = 0.385875



      Best of three rolls with 17-20 crit range: ~49% chance to crit



      Chance that a single die will not crit: 16/20 = 0.8

      Chance that all three dice will not crit: (16/20) x (16/20) x (16/20) = 0.512

      Chance that at least one die will crit: 1 - (16/20)3 = 0.488







      share|improve this answer














      share|improve this answer



      share|improve this answer








      edited Apr 10 at 18:37

























      answered Apr 10 at 15:37









      Oblivious SageOblivious Sage

      43.9k14137199




      43.9k14137199







      • 9




        $begingroup$
        This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
        $endgroup$
        – Nelson
        Apr 11 at 1:52












      • 9




        $begingroup$
        This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
        $endgroup$
        – Nelson
        Apr 11 at 1:52







      9




      9




      $begingroup$
      This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
      $endgroup$
      – Nelson
      Apr 11 at 1:52




      $begingroup$
      This is excellent advice. Probability of success is 100% - probability of failure. Many times calculating failure is way easier than calculating success.
      $endgroup$
      – Nelson
      Apr 11 at 1:52













      55












      $begingroup$

      The other answers do a good job of answering the question, but I'll point out how you can answer questions like this in the future:



      https://anydice.com/ is a very powerful (if slightly complicated) calculator for these sorts of questions. In your case, you'd enter the query:



      output [highest 1 of 3d20]


      And then select "At Least" from options below to get this table, which shows the odds of getting at least each number:



      enter image description here



      The result, is 38.59% for a crit range of 18, and 48.8% for a crit range of 17






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$

















        55












        $begingroup$

        The other answers do a good job of answering the question, but I'll point out how you can answer questions like this in the future:



        https://anydice.com/ is a very powerful (if slightly complicated) calculator for these sorts of questions. In your case, you'd enter the query:



        output [highest 1 of 3d20]


        And then select "At Least" from options below to get this table, which shows the odds of getting at least each number:



        enter image description here



        The result, is 38.59% for a crit range of 18, and 48.8% for a crit range of 17






        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$















          55












          55








          55





          $begingroup$

          The other answers do a good job of answering the question, but I'll point out how you can answer questions like this in the future:



          https://anydice.com/ is a very powerful (if slightly complicated) calculator for these sorts of questions. In your case, you'd enter the query:



          output [highest 1 of 3d20]


          And then select "At Least" from options below to get this table, which shows the odds of getting at least each number:



          enter image description here



          The result, is 38.59% for a crit range of 18, and 48.8% for a crit range of 17






          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$



          The other answers do a good job of answering the question, but I'll point out how you can answer questions like this in the future:



          https://anydice.com/ is a very powerful (if slightly complicated) calculator for these sorts of questions. In your case, you'd enter the query:



          output [highest 1 of 3d20]


          And then select "At Least" from options below to get this table, which shows the odds of getting at least each number:



          enter image description here



          The result, is 38.59% for a crit range of 18, and 48.8% for a crit range of 17







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Apr 10 at 15:52









          Sdjz

          14.1k468114




          14.1k468114










          answered Apr 10 at 15:49









          divibisandivibisan

          1,989620




          1,989620





















              6












              $begingroup$

              If p is the probability of a crit on a single roll, then 1-(1-p)^N is the probability of at least one crit on N rolls.



              so for N=3 and p=3/20, P=38.6%



              For a critical hit range of 17-20, P=48.8% (WOW!)






              share|improve this answer











              $endgroup$












              • $begingroup$
                so noted. I have now edited my answer
                $endgroup$
                – Jeremy
                Apr 10 at 15:40






              • 1




                $begingroup$
                You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
                $endgroup$
                – Monty Harder
                Apr 11 at 17:58















              6












              $begingroup$

              If p is the probability of a crit on a single roll, then 1-(1-p)^N is the probability of at least one crit on N rolls.



              so for N=3 and p=3/20, P=38.6%



              For a critical hit range of 17-20, P=48.8% (WOW!)






              share|improve this answer











              $endgroup$












              • $begingroup$
                so noted. I have now edited my answer
                $endgroup$
                – Jeremy
                Apr 10 at 15:40






              • 1




                $begingroup$
                You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
                $endgroup$
                – Monty Harder
                Apr 11 at 17:58













              6












              6








              6





              $begingroup$

              If p is the probability of a crit on a single roll, then 1-(1-p)^N is the probability of at least one crit on N rolls.



              so for N=3 and p=3/20, P=38.6%



              For a critical hit range of 17-20, P=48.8% (WOW!)






              share|improve this answer











              $endgroup$



              If p is the probability of a crit on a single roll, then 1-(1-p)^N is the probability of at least one crit on N rolls.



              so for N=3 and p=3/20, P=38.6%



              For a critical hit range of 17-20, P=48.8% (WOW!)







              share|improve this answer














              share|improve this answer



              share|improve this answer








              edited Apr 12 at 10:02









              Gremlin

              1054




              1054










              answered Apr 10 at 15:35









              JeremyJeremy

              1865




              1865











              • $begingroup$
                so noted. I have now edited my answer
                $endgroup$
                – Jeremy
                Apr 10 at 15:40






              • 1




                $begingroup$
                You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
                $endgroup$
                – Monty Harder
                Apr 11 at 17:58
















              • $begingroup$
                so noted. I have now edited my answer
                $endgroup$
                – Jeremy
                Apr 10 at 15:40






              • 1




                $begingroup$
                You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
                $endgroup$
                – Monty Harder
                Apr 11 at 17:58















              $begingroup$
              so noted. I have now edited my answer
              $endgroup$
              – Jeremy
              Apr 10 at 15:40




              $begingroup$
              so noted. I have now edited my answer
              $endgroup$
              – Jeremy
              Apr 10 at 15:40




              1




              1




              $begingroup$
              You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
              $endgroup$
              – Monty Harder
              Apr 11 at 17:58




              $begingroup$
              You use the word "role" twice. Did you mean "roll", which is what one generally does to dice, or are the dice playing some other role?
              $endgroup$
              – Monty Harder
              Apr 11 at 17:58











              5












              $begingroup$

              A general way to solve this kind of problem is with counting polynomials.



              $$frac1720 + frac320 * x$$
              this polynomial represents rolling 1d20 and having a 3/20 chance of getting a crit. The crit chance is the coefficient to the x^1 term.



              For 3d20 it looks like:



              $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^3$$
              which is



              $$(frac1720)^3 + 3(frac1720)^2frac320 * x + 3 frac1720(frac320)^2 x^2 + (frac320)^3x^3$$
              where the $x^1$ through $x^3$ represent the 1 through 3 of the dice landing on 18 19 or 20.



              We could add up the coefficients of the $x^1$ through $x^3$ cases, but we also know that the coefficients off all 4 terms add up to 1 -- so we can just take the $x^0$ coefficient and subtract 1.



              $$1-(frac1720)^3$$
              or



              $$frac8000-49138000$$
              aka about $$38.6%$$



              Now this is a bit complicated; but we can use it to analyze more complicated cases.



              Imagine a rule that states that crits from elven accuracy deal an extra 50 damage, but only if you had already critted. We can distinguish the elven accuracy crit from the others:



              $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^2 ( frac1720 + frac320 * y
              )$$

              by using a different variable (y instead of x).



              We can then expand



              $$(frac1720)^2 + 2frac3*1720^2x + (frac320 * x)^2 (frac1720 + frac320 * y
              )$$

              or
              $$frac17^320^3 + frac3*17^220^3y + 2frac3*17^220^3x + 2frac3^2*1720^3xy + frac3^2*1720^3 x^2 + frac3^320^3 x^2y$$
              then isolate the cases that have both an x and a y, from those with only xs or only a y.



              For the most part, this technique really gets useful when you can feed the polynomials to a program that can do the number crunching for you.






              share|improve this answer









              $endgroup$

















                5












                $begingroup$

                A general way to solve this kind of problem is with counting polynomials.



                $$frac1720 + frac320 * x$$
                this polynomial represents rolling 1d20 and having a 3/20 chance of getting a crit. The crit chance is the coefficient to the x^1 term.



                For 3d20 it looks like:



                $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^3$$
                which is



                $$(frac1720)^3 + 3(frac1720)^2frac320 * x + 3 frac1720(frac320)^2 x^2 + (frac320)^3x^3$$
                where the $x^1$ through $x^3$ represent the 1 through 3 of the dice landing on 18 19 or 20.



                We could add up the coefficients of the $x^1$ through $x^3$ cases, but we also know that the coefficients off all 4 terms add up to 1 -- so we can just take the $x^0$ coefficient and subtract 1.



                $$1-(frac1720)^3$$
                or



                $$frac8000-49138000$$
                aka about $$38.6%$$



                Now this is a bit complicated; but we can use it to analyze more complicated cases.



                Imagine a rule that states that crits from elven accuracy deal an extra 50 damage, but only if you had already critted. We can distinguish the elven accuracy crit from the others:



                $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^2 ( frac1720 + frac320 * y
                )$$

                by using a different variable (y instead of x).



                We can then expand



                $$(frac1720)^2 + 2frac3*1720^2x + (frac320 * x)^2 (frac1720 + frac320 * y
                )$$

                or
                $$frac17^320^3 + frac3*17^220^3y + 2frac3*17^220^3x + 2frac3^2*1720^3xy + frac3^2*1720^3 x^2 + frac3^320^3 x^2y$$
                then isolate the cases that have both an x and a y, from those with only xs or only a y.



                For the most part, this technique really gets useful when you can feed the polynomials to a program that can do the number crunching for you.






                share|improve this answer









                $endgroup$















                  5












                  5








                  5





                  $begingroup$

                  A general way to solve this kind of problem is with counting polynomials.



                  $$frac1720 + frac320 * x$$
                  this polynomial represents rolling 1d20 and having a 3/20 chance of getting a crit. The crit chance is the coefficient to the x^1 term.



                  For 3d20 it looks like:



                  $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^3$$
                  which is



                  $$(frac1720)^3 + 3(frac1720)^2frac320 * x + 3 frac1720(frac320)^2 x^2 + (frac320)^3x^3$$
                  where the $x^1$ through $x^3$ represent the 1 through 3 of the dice landing on 18 19 or 20.



                  We could add up the coefficients of the $x^1$ through $x^3$ cases, but we also know that the coefficients off all 4 terms add up to 1 -- so we can just take the $x^0$ coefficient and subtract 1.



                  $$1-(frac1720)^3$$
                  or



                  $$frac8000-49138000$$
                  aka about $$38.6%$$



                  Now this is a bit complicated; but we can use it to analyze more complicated cases.



                  Imagine a rule that states that crits from elven accuracy deal an extra 50 damage, but only if you had already critted. We can distinguish the elven accuracy crit from the others:



                  $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^2 ( frac1720 + frac320 * y
                  )$$

                  by using a different variable (y instead of x).



                  We can then expand



                  $$(frac1720)^2 + 2frac3*1720^2x + (frac320 * x)^2 (frac1720 + frac320 * y
                  )$$

                  or
                  $$frac17^320^3 + frac3*17^220^3y + 2frac3*17^220^3x + 2frac3^2*1720^3xy + frac3^2*1720^3 x^2 + frac3^320^3 x^2y$$
                  then isolate the cases that have both an x and a y, from those with only xs or only a y.



                  For the most part, this technique really gets useful when you can feed the polynomials to a program that can do the number crunching for you.






                  share|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$



                  A general way to solve this kind of problem is with counting polynomials.



                  $$frac1720 + frac320 * x$$
                  this polynomial represents rolling 1d20 and having a 3/20 chance of getting a crit. The crit chance is the coefficient to the x^1 term.



                  For 3d20 it looks like:



                  $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^3$$
                  which is



                  $$(frac1720)^3 + 3(frac1720)^2frac320 * x + 3 frac1720(frac320)^2 x^2 + (frac320)^3x^3$$
                  where the $x^1$ through $x^3$ represent the 1 through 3 of the dice landing on 18 19 or 20.



                  We could add up the coefficients of the $x^1$ through $x^3$ cases, but we also know that the coefficients off all 4 terms add up to 1 -- so we can just take the $x^0$ coefficient and subtract 1.



                  $$1-(frac1720)^3$$
                  or



                  $$frac8000-49138000$$
                  aka about $$38.6%$$



                  Now this is a bit complicated; but we can use it to analyze more complicated cases.



                  Imagine a rule that states that crits from elven accuracy deal an extra 50 damage, but only if you had already critted. We can distinguish the elven accuracy crit from the others:



                  $$(frac1720 + frac320 * x)^2 ( frac1720 + frac320 * y
                  )$$

                  by using a different variable (y instead of x).



                  We can then expand



                  $$(frac1720)^2 + 2frac3*1720^2x + (frac320 * x)^2 (frac1720 + frac320 * y
                  )$$

                  or
                  $$frac17^320^3 + frac3*17^220^3y + 2frac3*17^220^3x + 2frac3^2*1720^3xy + frac3^2*1720^3 x^2 + frac3^320^3 x^2y$$
                  then isolate the cases that have both an x and a y, from those with only xs or only a y.



                  For the most part, this technique really gets useful when you can feed the polynomials to a program that can do the number crunching for you.







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered Apr 11 at 13:26









                  YakkYakk

                  7,9371143




                  7,9371143





















                      4












                      $begingroup$

                      It depends on how you use the Elven Accuracy Die



                      There's two ways that players are legally allowed to use the Elven Accuracy Die:



                      • Replace the lower of the two advantage dice (Type A)

                      • Replace the higher of the two advantage dice (Type B)

                      In the former case, this roll is mathematically equivalent to rolling 3 dice and taking the highest. In the latter case, it's more like rolling two dice, taking the lower, and then taking the higher of that result and a third die.



                      beginarrayl
                      textOutcomes & text18-20 A & text18-20 B
                      \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text61.413% & text83.088% \
                      textCrit & text38.588% & text16.913% \
                      endarray

                      beginarrayl
                      & text17-20 A & text17-20 B \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text51.200% & text76.800% \
                      textCrit & text48.800% & text23.200% \
                      endarray



                      Note: as far as I'm aware, in 5th Edition D&D, it is not possible to get a Critical hit range that includes 17. It's possible I'm unaware of a specific class feature or magic item that is expanding the range beyond what can be attained by a Champion Fighter at level 15. But as a result, the second table (the 17-20 range) does not have practical use in this game.






                      share|improve this answer









                      $endgroup$








                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                        $endgroup$
                        – Ifusaso
                        Apr 11 at 13:49










                      • $begingroup$
                        It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Phlarx
                        Apr 11 at 14:47










                      • $begingroup$
                        @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Adonalsium
                        Apr 11 at 16:35






                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Peter Cordes
                        Apr 12 at 7:52











                      • $begingroup$
                        Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Braymal Gaming
                        Apr 12 at 14:10















                      4












                      $begingroup$

                      It depends on how you use the Elven Accuracy Die



                      There's two ways that players are legally allowed to use the Elven Accuracy Die:



                      • Replace the lower of the two advantage dice (Type A)

                      • Replace the higher of the two advantage dice (Type B)

                      In the former case, this roll is mathematically equivalent to rolling 3 dice and taking the highest. In the latter case, it's more like rolling two dice, taking the lower, and then taking the higher of that result and a third die.



                      beginarrayl
                      textOutcomes & text18-20 A & text18-20 B
                      \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text61.413% & text83.088% \
                      textCrit & text38.588% & text16.913% \
                      endarray

                      beginarrayl
                      & text17-20 A & text17-20 B \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text51.200% & text76.800% \
                      textCrit & text48.800% & text23.200% \
                      endarray



                      Note: as far as I'm aware, in 5th Edition D&D, it is not possible to get a Critical hit range that includes 17. It's possible I'm unaware of a specific class feature or magic item that is expanding the range beyond what can be attained by a Champion Fighter at level 15. But as a result, the second table (the 17-20 range) does not have practical use in this game.






                      share|improve this answer









                      $endgroup$








                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                        $endgroup$
                        – Ifusaso
                        Apr 11 at 13:49










                      • $begingroup$
                        It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Phlarx
                        Apr 11 at 14:47










                      • $begingroup$
                        @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Adonalsium
                        Apr 11 at 16:35






                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Peter Cordes
                        Apr 12 at 7:52











                      • $begingroup$
                        Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Braymal Gaming
                        Apr 12 at 14:10













                      4












                      4








                      4





                      $begingroup$

                      It depends on how you use the Elven Accuracy Die



                      There's two ways that players are legally allowed to use the Elven Accuracy Die:



                      • Replace the lower of the two advantage dice (Type A)

                      • Replace the higher of the two advantage dice (Type B)

                      In the former case, this roll is mathematically equivalent to rolling 3 dice and taking the highest. In the latter case, it's more like rolling two dice, taking the lower, and then taking the higher of that result and a third die.



                      beginarrayl
                      textOutcomes & text18-20 A & text18-20 B
                      \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text61.413% & text83.088% \
                      textCrit & text38.588% & text16.913% \
                      endarray

                      beginarrayl
                      & text17-20 A & text17-20 B \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text51.200% & text76.800% \
                      textCrit & text48.800% & text23.200% \
                      endarray



                      Note: as far as I'm aware, in 5th Edition D&D, it is not possible to get a Critical hit range that includes 17. It's possible I'm unaware of a specific class feature or magic item that is expanding the range beyond what can be attained by a Champion Fighter at level 15. But as a result, the second table (the 17-20 range) does not have practical use in this game.






                      share|improve this answer









                      $endgroup$



                      It depends on how you use the Elven Accuracy Die



                      There's two ways that players are legally allowed to use the Elven Accuracy Die:



                      • Replace the lower of the two advantage dice (Type A)

                      • Replace the higher of the two advantage dice (Type B)

                      In the former case, this roll is mathematically equivalent to rolling 3 dice and taking the highest. In the latter case, it's more like rolling two dice, taking the lower, and then taking the higher of that result and a third die.



                      beginarrayl
                      textOutcomes & text18-20 A & text18-20 B
                      \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text61.413% & text83.088% \
                      textCrit & text38.588% & text16.913% \
                      endarray

                      beginarrayl
                      & text17-20 A & text17-20 B \ hline
                      textNon-Crit & text51.200% & text76.800% \
                      textCrit & text48.800% & text23.200% \
                      endarray



                      Note: as far as I'm aware, in 5th Edition D&D, it is not possible to get a Critical hit range that includes 17. It's possible I'm unaware of a specific class feature or magic item that is expanding the range beyond what can be attained by a Champion Fighter at level 15. But as a result, the second table (the 17-20 range) does not have practical use in this game.







                      share|improve this answer












                      share|improve this answer



                      share|improve this answer










                      answered Apr 10 at 15:51









                      XiremaXirema

                      24.2k269143




                      24.2k269143







                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                        $endgroup$
                        – Ifusaso
                        Apr 11 at 13:49










                      • $begingroup$
                        It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Phlarx
                        Apr 11 at 14:47










                      • $begingroup$
                        @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Adonalsium
                        Apr 11 at 16:35






                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Peter Cordes
                        Apr 12 at 7:52











                      • $begingroup$
                        Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Braymal Gaming
                        Apr 12 at 14:10












                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                        $endgroup$
                        – Ifusaso
                        Apr 11 at 13:49










                      • $begingroup$
                        It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Phlarx
                        Apr 11 at 14:47










                      • $begingroup$
                        @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Adonalsium
                        Apr 11 at 16:35






                      • 1




                        $begingroup$
                        @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Peter Cordes
                        Apr 12 at 7:52











                      • $begingroup$
                        Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                        $endgroup$
                        – Braymal Gaming
                        Apr 12 at 14:10







                      1




                      1




                      $begingroup$
                      Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                      $endgroup$
                      – Ifusaso
                      Apr 11 at 13:49




                      $begingroup$
                      Could you explain how dropping the higher die drops your chance of getting a critical on one of the three dice? Assuming you wouldn't drop the higher die if it's already a critical...
                      $endgroup$
                      – Ifusaso
                      Apr 11 at 13:49












                      $begingroup$
                      It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Phlarx
                      Apr 11 at 14:47




                      $begingroup$
                      It might be worth adding a sentence explaining why you might want to drop the higher die -- there are situations where you might want to land an attack that doesn't crit, and there might be situations where you don't even want to hit (usually as result of roleplay, that one), and advantage is a bad thing in those cases. Dropping highest partially negates advantage. These situations are rare, but they can occur.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Phlarx
                      Apr 11 at 14:47












                      $begingroup$
                      @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Adonalsium
                      Apr 11 at 16:35




                      $begingroup$
                      @lfusaso Dropping the lower die blindly (as in, without know the results, just that it's lower) makes it more likely that you're dropping a non-critical roll, which then may become a critical roll. That is, if I drop the lower dice, I'm more likely to drop a 1-17 than I am if I drop the higher dice.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Adonalsium
                      Apr 11 at 16:35




                      1




                      1




                      $begingroup$
                      @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Peter Cordes
                      Apr 12 at 7:52





                      $begingroup$
                      @Ifusaso: this whole answer is an exercise in statistics, not plausible situations. Are there really people who would ever reroll the higher die on purpose, not by accident? (e.g. they forgot it's not just triple advantage, and has to replace the original roll) You still want to roll high to make sure you hit, so the only use-case I can think of is attacking an ally for some reason. Maybe if you're Dominated, the DM would let the player choose to use their Elven Accuracy this way hoping to miss, or at least to not crit. Or some other case where you want to attack but not hit or not crit.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Peter Cordes
                      Apr 12 at 7:52













                      $begingroup$
                      Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Braymal Gaming
                      Apr 12 at 14:10




                      $begingroup$
                      Thank you some much for the info and how I can get a range of 17-20 it has to do that I'm playing a D&D 5e battle arena game where the max player lv cap is forty and a up to four multiclass options and just a few things have been changed to fit this setup better.
                      $endgroup$
                      – Braymal Gaming
                      Apr 12 at 14:10










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