Otdfbt

I am a new user of Mathematica, and just faced a problem.
I have a data set of three columns, and want to select only those rows that go before the rows, which contain 0 in the third column.
Eventually I want to create a new data set containing only these selected rows.

Can it be performed in Mathematica?
Thank you in advance!

(edited)

You can use SequenceCases to define a pattern of two elements, the second of which has a 0 in the second column.

data = 1, 2, 8, 4, 5, 0, 3, 2, 8, 9, 7, 0, 2, 3;

SequenceCases[data, a_, ___, 0 :> a]
(* 8, 4, 8, 9 *)

Here a_, ___, 0 is the pattern for two rows, and the :> a says that we want to extract the first part of the pattern.

You can also use ReplaceList:

data = 1, 1, 2, 2, 8, 4, 3, 5, 0, 4, 3, 2, 5, 8, 9, 6, 7, 0, 7, 2, 3;
ReplaceList[data, ___, a_, __, 0, ___ :> a]

2, 8, 4, 5, 8, 9

Or combinations of

Extract and Position:

Extract[data, Position[data[[2 ;;, -1]], 0]]

2, 8, 4, 5, 8, 9

PositionIndex and Part:

data[[PositionIndex[data[[2 ;;, -1]]][0]]]

2, 8, 4, 5, 8, 9

data //Pick[Most@#, #[[2;;,3]],0]&

2, 8, 4, 5, 8, 9

Assuming we are interested in every row exactly preceding a row whose last entry (column) is equal to zero then it is possible to use Partition and its undocumented last argument.

In short, the last argument of Partition allows to apply a user defined function to every n-tuple of elements generated; eg. evaluating Partition[1,2,3,2,1,1,-1,Null] produces

1, 2, 2, 3

while using the last argument and evaluating , Partition[1,2,3,2,1,1,-1,Null,f] produces

f[1, 2], f[2, 3]

where f can be any user-defined (or built-in, for that matter) function of an appropriate number of arguments.

Returning to the question, assuming data is a list of lists of three elements, then evaluating

Partition[data, 2, 1, 1, -1, Null, If[#2[[-1]] == 0&&#1[[-1]] != 0, #1, Nothing] &]

should return the desired result.

-3,2,2,1,2,2,3,0,-3,-2,-3,-2,-2,1,-2,2,3,2,
 2,-1,2,2,3,1,2,3,-3,0,1,2,2,0,-3,2,-3,-3

Please note how the second and third arguments to Partition instruct it to create pairs (2) of elements from the initial list that differ by one entry (1) while the fourth and fifth arguments are used to instruct Partition where in the new lists it should place the first and last element of the list and what to use for padding new lists, if needed (More details and examples are available at the documentation page for Partition).

Here are the example data used

BlockRandom[
 data = RandomVariate[DiscreteUniformDistribution[-3, 3], 100, 3];
 RandomSeeding -> 123456789]